Stem cell research / Assisted Suicide / Abortion / Legalized drugs ... the list goes on and on.
These issues are often approached and debated along moral and religious lines.
Religious: there is a God/ are gods and we should check to make sure what we do is coherent with certain teachings. Another variant is that our conscience is in fact God messaging to us.
Moral, "stronger" version: there are good and evil forces permeating the universe. In many cases, these entities are at war with one another. Note that this does not necessarily include the religious case above. For example, many people believe in Karma, etc.
Moral, "weaker" version: there is good and there is bad (and the ugly). We should strive to do what our conscience tells us primarily because we feel it is an integral part of us and is there for a reason. Put bluntly, if humans aren't humane, who will be?
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