Obviously I'm no legal scholar. Can a federal appeals court overturn a SCOTUS ruling?

It won't matter for long though. There's no way the Supreme Court repeals it, for two reasons. One, the votes are clearly there for Roe. Souter, Breyer, Bader-Ginsburg, Stevens, and O'Connor, are all considered solid supporters of Roe, and Kennedy is too, if a little less solid.

If, somehow, Bush did have a majority, he wouldn't press the case anyway, because he would get nuked in a general election over it. Women would break 60% for the Democrats, Bush would get killed in the suburbs, and while he might lock up the South, he wouldn't even be able to compete in Michigan or Pennsylvania.