Peak oil has already happened in Cuba. The DVD The Power of Community: How Cuba Survived Peak Oil documents what Cubans call "'The Special Period,' Cuba's transition from large farms or plantations and reliance on fossil-fuel-based pesticides and fertilizers, to small organic farms and urban gardens" by some of the people who made The End of Suburbia documentary.
After the USSR vanished in the early 1990s, so did 50 percent of Cuba's "oil imports, much of its food and 85 percent of its trade economy. Transportation halted, people went hungry and the average Cuban lost 30 pounds." The country lost about one third of their GDP in a year.
Cuba began "undergoing a transition from a highly industrial society to a sustainable one... a living example of how a country can successfully traverse what we all will have to deal with sooner or later, the reduction and loss of finite fossil fuel resources."
"Today an estimated 50 percent of Havana's vegetables come from inside the city, while in other Cuban towns and cities urban gardens produce from 80 percent to more than 100 percent of what they need." They are using permaculture, an integrated agriculture system which uses far less energy than industrial or traditional designs, they started learning in 1993 from a small group of Australians where the concept was initially developed. Today the average Cuban family has about the same life expectancy and infant mortality as one in the USA for about one eighth the energy.