Daily Kos

Lessons In Chemistry... Explosives vs Incendiaries  

Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 08:23:56 AM PDT

Fear is horrible thing mostly caused by ignorance.  The press manages to terrorize people again.

Liquid gasoline is not an explosive. It is an incendiary.   Gasoline fumes can explode but even if it "explodes", it lacks the power of of "true explosives" like dynamite, gun powder or Semtex.  Simply put, the London luxury bombs (...hey they put them in Mercedes Benzes not Fords) are crude, ineffective and highly unlikely to kill hundreds of people unless there was a rave planned directly around the cars.  

The cars were reported to have 2 sealed 25 gallon canisters of gasoline, a propane tank and nails. The car windows were also closed.  Hint to press:  Anything incendiary requires oxygen to work.  Also sealed propane tanks do not explode unless there are structural problems on the tank itself and the propane gas escaped and is within an optimum environment to ignite and explode.  The press can test the theory on 4th of July.  My guess is there won't be a single propane tank explosion in the US on 4th of July.  The cars would have been the most poorly designed incendiary cars much like a Cadillac Escalade or any large SUV.

What do we really have? Quite possibly 2 or more Al Qeida or Real IRA knuckleheads, disgruntled, unemployed, alienated, uneducated and radicalized with a Rambo and Die Hard DVD collection.  They are evil dumb asses who wanted to terrorize London and the world but since they surely flunked chemistry, they would have failed.  Their crude luxury bombs would have failed.

The Al Qeida or Real IRA wannabes failed.  Chemistry and physics were not on their side.  They did succeed in getting the inept press led by Faux News to to characterize the cars "as bombs that would have killed hundreds of people."  

The press managed to scare and terrorize people again.

Tags: London, bomb scare, terrorism, media (all tags) :: Previous Tag Versions

Permalink | 68 comments

  •  thanks for the diary (14+ / 0-)

    This is obvious to people with a knowledge of high school chemistry, or to anyone with access to the internet and the ability to read.

    I guess that excludes CNN and Faux News reporters.

    Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic. -- Arthur C. Clarke

    by mathGuyNTulsa on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 08:29:01 AM PDT

  •  Good diary.. thanks n/t (1+ / 0-)

    Recommended by:
    mathGuyNTulsa
  •  Gunpowder... (13+ / 0-)

    Gunpowder isn't much worse than gasoline. It burns when ignited in open air. The difference between a fire, and an explosion isn't about what you are burning, it's about the amount of pressure that builds up.

    Dry ice is a dangerous explosive if it is placed in a confined space. As you can see by watching these idiots narrowly avoid serious injury.

    The reason some things are "always explosive" is because they "burn" so quickly that the atmosphere itself is unable to get out of the way fast enough.

    But I totally agree that anyone who thinks a couple dozen gallons of gasoline and a propane tank will make an effective bomb is an idiot.

    congratulations on your foreskin -- osteriser

    by bartman on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 08:32:52 AM PDT

  •  Bartman Is Right (5+ / 0-)

    Recommended by:
    Elise, Ice Blue, wiscmass, lineatus, fatbyjhnsn

    Oh... How ignorant of me!  You're absolutely right, 100%...  gun powder indeed is no worse than gasoline!  In open air, it is also an incendiary.  It has be be in a perfect physical environment such as enclosed casings (bullets) to be explosive.

  •  As someone else said here on DK... (3+ / 0-)

    Recommended by:
    easong, Batfish, Ice Blue

    "It's the work of enthusiastic amateurs."

    Sorry, I forgot who posted that.

    Anyhow, given that firebombs are so easy to make (the kind that start fires, not the kind that explode in massive fireballs) I'm surprised we don't see more arson. Could it be that the rest of the world isn't so interested in attacking us, after all?

    J.S. McCain III: "Forget the promise of progress and understanding, for in our grim, dark future there is only war."

    by Shaviv on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 08:41:11 AM PDT

    •  Arsonists Could Terrorize California (3+ / 0-)

      Look what one illegal campfire is doing to Tahoe. Now imagine a line of a  fires set deliberately at the same time, during a windy dry week (i.e. any day June-Oct) in the coastal hills from San Diego to Eureka. Ten million acres of wildland fire, an area the size of Ohio up in flames. We actually worried about this type of attack during WWII, thinking the Japanese saw the vulnerability. In fact, one Japanese pilot did in fact drop an incendiary bomb, I believe it landed in Oregon in 1943. Luckily, trying to start a fire in a temporate rain forest didn't work. Had it been the Bay Area of California...

      The moral arc of the universe is long, but it bends towards justice. - Martin Luther King, Jr.

      by easong on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 08:58:32 AM PDT

      [ Parent ]

      •  I have not said that for 8 years. (1+ / 0-)

        Recommended by:
        C Barr

        I truly wish you hadn't said it now.

        •  We handle lightning storms.... (0+ / 0-)

          I don't see why a group of terrorists roaming through the forest would be any worse than a lightning storm during fire season. Some fires get out of control, but there's already a large well-coordinated system in place to spot fires and respond as soon as they start.

          I'd think terrorists would be more interested in more direct forms of terror. And especially trying to exploit weaknesses we haven't spent the last 100 years preparing for.

          congratulations on your foreskin -- osteriser

          by bartman on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 10:11:56 AM PDT

          [ Parent ]

          •  it's a question of fire line length + high winds (0+ / 0-)

            Recommended by:
            Bronx59

            A coordinated attack such as described could be designed to overwhelm California's initial response capacity. Probably the biggest operational consideration would be how many helicopters and crews were available. Whether a small group could organise that securely I have no idea. But see above re the single illegal camp fire at Tahoe.

            You'll pay me the 8s I won of you a-betting?

            by Boreal Ecologist on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 10:17:22 AM PDT

            [ Parent ]

            •  I understand the single illegal campfire issue... (0+ / 0-)

              I was just thinking that part of the problem with using the single campfire as an example is that it is bad luck which causes one campfire to result in widespread damage, while most are controlled relatively quickly.

              I guess I just figured that if the group of terrorists is "small," then they probably can't overwhelm the system, while if they are "large," then the chances of being able to coordinate it successfully (timing, operational security, etc) would seem to be low.

              I have no idea what "small" and "large" would be in this case though.

              congratulations on your foreskin -- osteriser

              by bartman on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 10:30:03 AM PDT

              [ Parent ]

              •  I hope you are right (0+ / 0-)

              •  one person with car and cell phones (0+ / 0-)

                could do a lot of damage given a few hours driving time and lot of 'IEDs' strategically placed in areas a high fuel loading. Just wait for the high winds, and dial.

                It actually doesn't bear thinking about. Same would work in the front ranges, or certain parts of Canada, which I'll never tell.

                In a certain way, these thought experiments highlight the foolishness of the untrammeled development of high end real estate in dangerous fire areas, occurring throughout the western US.

                You'll pay me the 8s I won of you a-betting?

                by Boreal Ecologist on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 11:17:28 AM PDT

                [ Parent ]

      •  The Japanese attack on Oregon (3+ / 0-)

        Recommended by:
        SecondComing, Ice Blue, Capn Guts

        was via balloon.

        It was actually part of a very large project, and a sustained attack over a period of several months.

        http://en.wikipedia.org/...

        congratulations on your foreskin -- osteriser

        by bartman on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 10:07:23 AM PDT

        [ Parent ]

      •  Japan had balloons! (2+ / 0-)

        Recommended by:
        Ice Blue, Bronx59
        Oh, I hope there's a wiki link to back me up on this.  Japan launched many laquered paper balloons across the Pacific with incendiary bombs and crude timers or other detonators to approximate arrival time or landing in the prevailing wind currents.  One blew up an Oregon family while picniking.

        Here's a link
        http://en.wikipedia.org/...

    •  quote from explosives expert in UK Guardian (3+ / 0-)

      Recommended by:
      twcollier, Elise, Shaviv

      in yesterday's story, "Gas canister bomb 'an amateur job'"

      The builders of the bomb found in central London today would have probably been "keen amateurs", an explosives expert said.
      Patio gas cylinders found by police in the light green Mercedes would have been an unlikely weapon for experienced terrorists unless they wanted to create a fireball for the cameras, Sidney Alford, founder of explosives company Alford Technologies, told Guardian Unlimited.
      ,,,

      "They are probably keen amateurs who could not get their hands on the real thing and do not realise the limits of what they are doing."

      ....

      A witness reported nails were lying on the floor of the car, which Mr Alford said was another indication the bomb makers were inexperienced.

      "Nails could be considered as an additional way of extending the potential damage and lethal range of the device but putting them on the floor is an incompetent way of building a bomb. They would go straight into the ground," he said.

      •  Oh thanks (0+ / 0-)

        Couldn't imagine someone not on this site coming up with such a nifty phrase. ;)

        J.S. McCain III: "Forget the promise of progress and understanding, for in our grim, dark future there is only war."

        by Shaviv on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 08:03:36 PM PDT

        [ Parent ]

  •  they are living in a Jack Bauer (1+ / 0-)

    Recommended by:
    RantNRaven

    alternate universe

  •  I take exception to using (1+ / 0-)

    Recommended by:
    peaceloveandkucinich

    the Al Quada meme. It's as bogus as the bomb. This label is being used on anything or anyone the gov wants to target.

  •  I Don't Believe You (5+ / 0-)

    I have seen cars blow up plenty of times in movies. It's a terrible thing, people die! Maybe you should see Die Hard a few times to convince yourself.

    The moral arc of the universe is long, but it bends towards justice. - Martin Luther King, Jr.

    by easong on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 08:48:55 AM PDT

    •  actually... (5+ / 0-)

      Recommended by:
      easong, Elise, Eiron, pfiore8, MichiganGirl

      cars don't blow up like you see in the movies without some kind of explosive charge.  

      Mythbusters had an episode on this. It's almost impossible to "blow up" a car with just the gasoline in the tank.

      The power of accurate observation is commonly called cynicism by those who have not got it -- GB Shaw

      by kmiddle on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 09:40:32 AM PDT

      [ Parent ]

      •  I can vouch for this. (3+ / 0-)

        Well, I can vouch for the one time I saw a car start on fire, at least.

        In high school I was helping my brother work on my car. It ended up catching fire and the garage ended up burning down before the fire dept came.

        There was no explosion at any time. Not only did my car have a full tank of gas at the time, it also had 2 containers of nitrous in the trunk, and they didn't even explode. There were all sorts of flammable things in that garage. Sure it burned to the ground and burned fast, but there were no fireballs, no explosions.

        We were surprised by the lack of explosions, after all the movies we'd watched we thought there was going to be a freaking mushroom cloud or something.  

        "It is through disobedience that progress has been made, through disobedience and through rebellion." Oscar Wilde, 1891

        by MichiganGirl on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 10:25:00 AM PDT

        [ Parent ]

      •  I think that was his point (3+ / 0-)

        Recommended by:
        easong, Elise, MichiganGirl

        Unless my snark detector is busted

      •  They can burn up real good w/o explosives, though (2+ / 0-)

        Recommended by:
        twcollier, peaceloveandkucinich

        Back in my Bronx days, my mother once woke me in the middle of the night to tell me that the car parked in front of mine on the street was on fire.  

        I have to say I was scared, but I got in and backed my car up the street anyway.  Once I was out of the parking space, my biggest concern was the fire truck that would be cresting the hill in a few moments.

        We are ALWAYS underdogs. The other side has limitless funds, skulduggery, domination of the media and the legal system, and an electoral college advantage.

        by Bronx59 on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 11:53:59 AM PDT

        [ Parent ]

  •  al Quaeda wannabees? (2+ / 0-)

    Recommended by:
    Bronx59, peaceloveandkucinich

    There is no shortage of people in and around the British isles who know how to manufacture powerful and devastating car bombs.  Just ask the people of Omagh or Belfast in the north of Ireland.  And there's no shortage of potential Islamic martyrs who could have been imported to do the job from the Middle East or elsewhere in Europe.

    So, I don't know who was in charge of this amateur hour, but I wouldn't jump to the conclusion it was al Quaeda wannabees.  Could just as easily have been English skinheads eager to provoke retaliation in Muslim neighborhoods.

    Was the car stolen?  Probably.  But we'll learn more once the car is identified.  Certainly seemed odd to see this gleaming, well maintained Mercedes as the delivery mechanism, even if the "bomb" turned out to be a squib.

    •  Wrong Assumption (0+ / 0-)

      It could be also the REAL IRA who are in opposition to the peace accords.  Your critique is so right on.

      •  Doubtful (5+ / 0-)

        The IRA has a devastating record of building and detonating powerful bombs. What we saw in London was the work of a person or persons with no understanding of how bombs work.

        Because it is fairly easy to acquire the knowledge and resources necessary to construct an efficient explosive device, we can posit that these bombers were acting on the spur of the moment with off-the-shelf materials. That's a safe bet, because a half-hour spent on Google would have led to better design.

        More likely, we have a couple dudes drinking at a bar, chatting and working each other into a state of rage about something or other and deciding to "do something." We'll find out soon, as these clowns won't get far.

        Every day's another chance to stick it to The Man. - dls.

        by The Raven on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 09:10:15 AM PDT

        [ Parent ]

    •  The absence of drivers (2+ / 0-)

      is a give away. Al Qaida car bombs, as far as I know, are always used as guided missiles. The suicide bomber is essential to targeting and triggering. As others have pointed out, this was a very amatuerish operation, a bit like the loony Richard Reeve. Al Qaida plans carefully and targets strategically. This not the work of professionals.

      Ambition is when you follow your dreams. Insanity is when they follow you.

      by Batfish on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 10:56:31 AM PDT

      [ Parent ]

  •  Science, Schmience (10+ / 0-)

    MacGyver could easily make a Neutron Bomb from a Mercedes, gasoline, hairspray, a hank of hair, a piece of bone, a bobby pin, a  zippo lighter flint, 5 golden rings and a photo of Prince William.

    Easy!

    and Jack Bauer couldn't find him in 49 hours.

    •  You forgot the cell phone (2+ / 0-)

      Recommended by:
      Elise, peaceloveandkucinich

      That was a dead give away to me.  Careless of these terrorists to leave behind such clear evidence of their evil intentions.

      You don't want to make light of things like this.  Car bombs are lethally destructive and even this kluge job might have hurt passers-by. And this might have been a real effort.  On the other hand, it might be much ado about nothing.

      I would imagine that if you stopped a hundred vehicles at random in my Seattle neighborhood, you could pull a full gas can, a pound of nails, a propane tank and a cell phone out of the trunks of 20 or 25 of them.

  •  Glasgow airport incident (4+ / 0-)

    Driving a burning SUV into the doors of an airport and then jumping out and running seems like a relatively amateurish effort.  Maybe these latest actors were also exhibiting a shaky grasp of high school chemistry.

  •  Gasoline and propane in tanks (5+ / 0-)

    are often used as accellerants in IEDs.  However a rather large charge of TNT or equivalent is needed to achieve the desired effect.  These guys had a big molotov cocktail firebomb, would have been a large fire, but wouldnt have turned the nails into missiles.

    The whole story doesnt add up.

    Those who hear not the music-think the dancers mad

    by Eiron on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 09:15:31 AM PDT

  •  The bombs on US highways- An RV and a boat (3+ / 0-)

    There will be well over a hundred of these on the roads this weekend.

    Here's one scenario for you..

    A 2006 Winnebago Vista RV (75 gallons of gas and an 18 gal propane tank) hauling a Baja speedboat (101 gallon gas tank) hurling down the road at 70 mph.

    I guess it's a matter of intent, considering the damage such a combo could cause.

    Have a great holiday weekend.

  •  Glasgow Airport attack (2+ / 0-)

    Recommended by:
    twcollier, pfiore8

      The uses of "incendiaries" were just shown as a gasoline-doused car was just a few minutes ago driven into the entrance at Glasgow Airport in Scotland.  The two drivers (at least one badly burned) have been apprehended, reportedly after putting up a fight.  Considerable damage was caused, and the airport has been closed down.  It has not yet been characterized as a "terrorist" attack.

  •  down-to-earth and short to boot: great piece! (0+ / 0-)

    i love it when the hype is taken out of stories and the facts and perspective force them back to reality-on-the-ground (that's a phrase that's been co-opted, no?).

    thanks! and rec'd

    "Well we don't rent pigs and I figure it's better to say it right out front because a man that does like to rent pigs is... he's hard to stop" Gus McCrae

    by pfiore8 on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 09:29:07 AM PDT

  •  The press should portray (0+ / 0-)

    these people as the pathetic, vicious fools that they are. They deserve nothing but contempt and loathing. They are not worthy of fear. They should rot quietly in jail until the day they die with minimal notariety.

    Perhaps even more than the occupation of Iraq our own media helps to create these people.

    We have only just begun and none too soon.

    by global citizen on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 09:34:06 AM PDT

  •  Now that the airport in Glasgow is on fire (0+ / 0-)

    from these same incendiaries, I don't think it's the press that has managed to make people afraid tonight.

  •  Thank you for the scientific background. (1+ / 0-)

    Recommended by:
    twcollier

    We should all try to be better informed on these matters.

    However, low-tech terrorist activities still have the power to inflict carnage and we should not be in the business of brushing them off as mere nuisances.

    It's easy to pooh-pooh what is going on in Glasgow unless you are trying to fly out of there today or unless you have a loved one working there or unless you are a taxpayer who will have to foot the bill for repairs.  

    It's the Supreme Court, Stupid!

    by Radiowalla on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 09:51:57 AM PDT

    •  I don't think anyone is arguing against... (1+ / 0-)

      Recommended by:
      Bronx59

      law enforcement and legal system investigation, arrest and trial of these criminals.

      -- We are just regular people informed on issues

      by mike101 on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 10:05:03 AM PDT

      [ Parent ]

    •  As far as I have read (0+ / 0-)

      Nobody but the "Terrorists" were hurt at Glasgow, the SUV hit a security barrier and damaged some doors, and the only thing destroyed was the SUV.  Seeing as how they could have done more damage just by driving at full speed into a bus, I think lame-ass attempts like this are no big deal.

    •  Good point (2+ / 0-)

      Recommended by:
      Bronx59, MichiganGirl

      Even amateurs can cause significant death, mayhem and destruction on occasion.  If any given attempt has only a 5% chance of "succeeding" to do so, it will take only 20 tries to cause the intended result, on average.

      •  And (2+ / 0-)

        Recommended by:
        twcollier, Bronx59

        Unless the local police were a bunch of Barney Fifes, they would be in jail after thier 2nd or 3rd attempt.

        "A conservative government is an organized hypocrisy.".... Benjamin Disraeli -8.25 / -5.64

        by carver on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 10:58:17 AM PDT

        [ Parent ]

        •  Needn't be the same crew (1+ / 0-)

          Recommended by:
          carver

          So far there seem to be a number of different small groups willing to attempt to mount acts to further their shared goals, including the London and Madrid bombers who did manage to cause lots of death, destruction and terror.  I was just thinking of 20 separate attempts.  Most will fail, either falling short of the final effort, or stopped by the authorities, or fizzling in the attempt.  But a few will manage to achieve their aims.

      •  look up the geometric distribution. (0+ / 0-)

        With a p=0.05 it will take a lot fewer tries than you'd think.

        You'll pay me the 8s I won of you a-betting?

        by Boreal Ecologist on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 11:21:49 AM PDT

        [ Parent ]

  •  another timing issue too: (2+ / 0-)

    Recommended by:
    peaceloveandkucinich, carver

    I was watching KO's interview with Larry Johnson on this subject last night, but was surprised he didn't bring up his nexus of terror argument....again!

    Isn't it amazing that while we talk about the timing regarding the British anniversary and the new PM, we don't discuss the media frenzy here and the diversion it created from Cheneygate, Gonzogate, the new resignations, more Iraq shit, Immigration, etc.....again, the White House has a really bad week and there's a 'terra scare'.  I guess we ran out of doofusses here in the US (like the ones trying to storm an army base disguised as pizza guys), so we had to devote full coverage to a few in Britian who may not even be "Al Quaida wannabes".  For all we know, this could have been done by some kids looking to make a statement, or the IRA or, like you said, some disgruntled dumbass who saw Die Hard..

    I still think that this was a manipulated event, but I find it so odd that they keep going back to this trick and each time, its a little less effective, even though Fux and CNN and MSNBC spent all the time covering it, the people just don't seem to be buying into it as much.

    Proud to be a Red County, Texas Democrat!

    by Webslinger on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 10:20:13 AM PDT

    •  Agreed (1+ / 0-)

      Recommended by:
      Bronx59

      If these clowns were Al Queda wannabes then they are now ain'tgonnabes.  Making an effective bomb is not all that difficult.  There are a number of low tech devices, with instructions, readily avaliable on the web that they could have used with serious effects.  This leads me to believe that they were either completely, incompetent morons or they weren't serious about doing real harm.  

      "A conservative government is an organized hypocrisy.".... Benjamin Disraeli -8.25 / -5.64

      by carver on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 10:50:47 AM PDT

      [ Parent ]

    •  And now can we stop buying into this one? (0+ / 0-)

      and keep our shoes on please??? Here's some more science-based reality. Don't be Sheeple.

      Don't you think it would smell like a hair and nail salon in there? I guess it would have to be an international flight or something, since it's not just a drop of liquid going kaboom that we were worried about (are they also taking away
      Grampa's heart medication?), what They are saying We are threatening others and ourselves with is the kind of stuff that, if you are concocting it yourself, after you cook it, you have to spread it out for several more hours to dry... Here,
      wikipedia says it for me:

      Nevertheless, it has been pointed out that it's highly questionable whether such a plot could have been executed, due to the supplies needed, the smell mixing would create, and the time it would take to prepare without drawing suspicion from passengers and the flight crew.[13]

      So I say again: Mass Protest-
      Stop quaking in your boots and Stand Firm IN THEM! (and somebody give that baby something to drink so his ears won't pop so much and he'll stop crying!)

  •  BOO! ...Scared Yet? (1+ / 0-)

    Recommended by:
    peaceloveandkucinich

    This wasn't the work of some real, or incompetent terrorist group.

    If the "supposed" car bombs were really the work of some fiendish minds with the intent of committing real damage, then at least they would have exploded (at least one of them) because they would have been designed, and assembled properly to achieve the goal of killing.  I think this was merely a test, and a wake-up call drill for the brand, spanking new British government who, within but a few hours, assumed their job duties.

    Honestly now...... I've read better B movie scripts than this "plot".  It reminds me of the JFK airport bombing plot exposed along with the liquid bomb plot that was busted some time ago. This is also probably just another story to also scare the heck out of the "sheep" that want more of their rights to be taken from them for the feeling of being "safe" from the harsh, cruel world.

    P.S. - The first car's cell phone had already received two calls while in the vehicle parked at the site prior to it's dismantling.  This "car bomb" was an incendiary device on "minor steroids" without any major threat with regard to spreading shrapnel to public.  It would have at the very best, only caused the car to catch fire if it was constructed properly, ion conjunction with a loud "boom" to boot (and that's the opinion of those who know about

    "Yobie" is correct in his/her post on chemistry:  Thank you for clarifying the difference.

    "..The paper holds their folded faces to the floor, and every day the paper boy brings more...." - Pink Floyd

    by LamontCranston on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 12:07:03 PM PDT

  •  Sorry about the dropped words in my post (0+ / 0-)

    This wasn't the work of some real, or incompetent terrorist group.

    If the "supposed" car bombs were really the work of some fiendish minds with the intent of committing real damage, then at least they would have exploded (at least one of them) because they would have been designed, and assembled properly to achieve the goal of killing.  I think this was merely a test, and a wake-up call drill for the brand, spanking new British government who, within but a few hours, assumed their job duties.

    Honestly now...... I've read better B movie scripts than this "plot".  It reminds me of the JFK airport-bombing plot exposed along with the liquid bomb plot that was busted some time ago.  This is just another story to also scare the heck out of the "sheep" that want more of their rights to be taken from them for the feeling of being "safe" from the harsh, cruel world.

    P.S. - The first car's cell phone had already received two calls while in the vehicle parked at the site prior to it's dismantling.  This "car bomb" was an incendiary device on "minor steroids" without any major threat with regard to spreading shrapnel to public.  It would have at the very best, only caused the car to catch fire if it was constructed properly, in conjunction with a loud "boom" to boot (and that's the opinion of those who know about ordnance).

    "Yobie" is correct in his/her post on chemistry:  Thank you for clarifying the difference.

    "..The paper holds their folded faces to the floor, and every day the paper boy brings more...." - Pink Floyd

    by LamontCranston on Sat Jun 30, 2007 at 12:11:42 PM PDT

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