The Daily Show Like the O’Reilly Factor?
Sat May 10, 2008 at 08:25:22 PM PDT
I was on yahoo a couple of days ago when I saw an article with the headline, Study of ‘Daily Show’: It’s a lot like O’Reilly. I was intrigued. After all, I watch the Daily Show and have seen O’Reilly and would not make many comparisons between the two. They are both hosted by men and feature current events and interviews. That is pretty much where the similarities end in my opinion. Beyond that though is the question of what people seem to expect from The Daily Show and from Jon Stewart. To me the Daily show has always been about satirizing the way news is distributed in the country and the people who make the news in the country. I read the study’s report, and brought it and its conclusions here to you.
The central debate about The Daily Show is exactly what it is. The Project for Excellence in Journalism study was an attempt to place the show into a category either comedy or news. To reach their conclusions the PEJ studied the content of The Daily Show for 2007 and then compared its news agenda with that of the more traditional news media as well as examined the lineup of guests and segments. I think they should have gone back to more than one year to get the best possible picture but I think that a one-year examination is still relevant.
Is The Daily Show as news show? My answer is no. Is Jon Stewart a journalist? No. Jon Stewart is an entertainer and comedian. He specializes in political and current affairs jokes. The fact that he frequently asks tougher questions than many of the other interviewers on T.V. is a sad commentary on the rest of T.V. His job is not, imo, to do tough interviews it is his job to make us laugh. I happen to laugh when he embarrasses people like Jonah Goldberg or Chris Mathews. This is the conclusion that the PEJ comes to about what The Daily Show is:
In its subject matter, The Daily Show is indeed journalistic. Its topic agenda is highly focused on the public square, on issues of significance, particularly those focused around Washington. Its agenda is not dissimilar, indeed, from other cable talk shows. The language is even more blunt, and its point often more direct. The Daily Show is no doubt entertainment, but it is entertainment, measurably, with a substantive point. It is, in its own way, another kind of No Spin Zone.
I think this conclusion fails to directly answer their question about whether the show is news or not, is Stewart a journalist or not. The show can really only be considered journalism or news if you consider covering the news itself to be news and journalism. The show does not give a rundown of the top stories or give real analysis of the stories. As the study notes you must know the people and events to understand the jokes made. Stewart himself is on record describing his program as:
"a group of people that really feel that they want to write jokes about the absurdity that we see in government and the world and all that, and that's it."
Snip...
Stewart likened his show less to a product of journalism and more to an editorial cartoon that helps people to "digest" the day’s events. If it does anything, he said, it helps "provide one little bit of context, that's very specifically focused, and hopefully people can add to their entire puzzle that gives them a larger picture of what it is that they see."
The biggest miss that the study has is in its comparison to talk radio and talk T.V. The study uses the content and the basic analysis that occurs to lump The Daily Show in with O’Reilly, Hardball et cetera. The problem with this is that these other shows take themselves very seriously and are news makers in their own right in a way that The Daily show is not. If people in the rest of the media took what happens on The Daily Show as seriously as they do Hardball or Race for the Whitehouse than we might see better reporting.
Trying to place it along side those shows is like the failed idea of balance. It makes them equal. One of the important things about the Daily Show is how it differs from the other programs in terms of the blunt truth it gives through satire. The study does recognize this about The Daily Show but I think does an inadequate job of relating it to the other aspects of the study as far as content and program style.
Some of the show’s sway as an information source could also come from language, and the sense that it is more candid, and thus somehow closer to one sense of accuracy than the more hidebound traditional media. "My students tell me they read the news for facts, but they watch Jon Stewart for the truth," Professor Steve Lacy of Michigan State University has observed. The Daily Show’s sophisticated and often journalistic use of video to puncture the spin of the political may also connect to a deeper function that journalists are expected to serve—speaking truth to power, or at least unveiling deviations from the truth.
It is the last sentence that I think is important. Absent from this discussion about The Daily Show in the study is that the rest of the media is not serving the truth in a real way. That is why the study also addresses whether there is a perceived bias in the show. The study wants to know why the Republicans and Conservatives who come on the show face a tougher time. The study chalks this up to one of two things
One explanation is that the show’s writers and producers and Stewart himself are simply liberal, and in the course of offering their comedy are also offering their own political views.
Another possibility is that the agenda is fundamentally more anti-establishment than anti-Republican. The party that controls the White House has the preponderance of power, and thus gets the preponderance of the satirical skewer.
When asking a question why one side gets a tougher time than another the question about truth should come into play. The conservatives who come on the show are frequently exposed for their hypocrisy. People who write books or columns that are simply trash get called out on it. The quality of liberals who go on the show are very different than the conservatives. Is it fair to consider John Kerry and Bill Clinton in the same rank as Tony Snow, Scott McCkellan and John Bolton? No. John McCain is a conservative who appears frequently and has very favorable interviews despite my constant hopes to the contrary.
The study seems to come close to nailing what the Daily Show is repeatedly. Take this
The Daily Show aims at more than comedy. In its choice of topics, its use of news footage to deconstruct the manipulations by public figures and its tendency toward pointed satire over playing just for laughs, The Daily Show performs a function that is close to journalistic in nature—getting people to think critically about the public square. In that sense, it is a variation of the tradition of Russell Baker, Art Hoppe, Art Buchwald, H.L. Mencken and other satirists who once graced the pages of American newspapers.
Together with some of the other quotes I think that the study should have come to the conclusion that the daily show is simply not journalism in the traditional sense. Stewart is not a journalist. I think that they might have wanted to cover for the traditional media by lumping it in with other shows reducing its effectiveness in criticizing those shows. It also shows the limitations that the tm has when dealing with new media like blogs, they just don’t quite get it right.
When people do not quite understand something big they look for some way to apply past lessons to it. That has happened repeatedly in this race as people like Pat Buchanan have given analysis talking about races from 1968. There are some major differences in the electorate and in the way people campaign. The way people process information is different and using old models leads to misunderstandings.
Another aspect that comes from the study is the article that led me to the study. Talk about burying the lead. The article focuses almost entirely on the content covered by the show linking it to the O’Reilly factor. It stays with the theme that it is satire not pure news and has a balanced roster of guests. That is about it. Nothing about the truth aspect of the show or about anti-establishment aspect of the show. Had you not read the study you would never have found those important parts of the study.
Also absent is just how important the daily show is. The Daily Show has 1.8 million. Fox News’ primetime show Hannity & Colmes had an average audience of 1.9 million in the first quarter of 2008, and CNN’s highest rated show, Election Center captured an average of 1.2 million viewers. That might have been worth including to give some idea about the shows context to readers.
I encourage people to read both the article and the study as you may draw different conclusions than I did. Maybe you have a different idea about what constitutes journalism and that would lead to different conclusions as well.
Links to AP Story and the study
http://news.yahoo.com/...
http://www.journalism.org/...
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