The National Retail Federation predicts that Americans will spend $17.02 billion this year on Valentine's Day gifts. It is anticipated that men will spend an average of $163, women $85 for this annual orgy of consumption. Make what you will of the disparity. Besides flowers - 214 million in roses alone - chocolate will ring the cash registers at an estimated $323 million. Other candy sales will hit $414 million.
Commodification of human emotion on Valentine's Day and Mother's Day - the two days for which the most flowers, greeting cards and chocolates are sold - is hardly new. But, at least among a few people, there's a new attitude.
From Diane Marie Amann IntLawGrrls:
Socially responsible sweethearts
It's that time of year again. Young one's hearts, and the hearts of all who are young at heart, turn to love. Mindful that tomorrow's Valentine's Day we prepare, many of us, to "say it with flowers": Lilacs to our 1st love. Magnolias to the nature-lover. Violets for faithfulness. Forget-me-nots for, well, you can guess.
But what do we really say when we use flowers to talk about love?
To the true nature-lover, some flowers convey a message of woe, of megafarms in Colombia and Ecuador where, Nora Ferm ... of the International Labor Rights Forum said in this New York Times article, "workers ... can suffer pesticide-related illnesses like headaches, rashes and birth abnormalities among their children."
The Forum's just one of the groups pushing now for fair trade in flowers; another's the Natural Resources Defense Council. They're working for development of labels to alert consumers that the bouquet they bestow on their beloved was grown in a way that minimizes harm to workers and the environment in which they live and work.
Here's a bit more of that article from The New York Times:
And as in other industries with increasing demand for green products, the floral industry is debating what is environmentally correct. Should flowers be organic — that is, grown without synthetic or toxic pesticides? Or should the emphasis be on fair trade, meaning that the workers who grow and cut them are safe and well paid? Or should consumers favor flowers grown locally, not flown or trucked over long distances? In other words, what, exactly, is a green flower?
A vast majority of cut flowers sold in the United States, 79 percent, are imported, mostly from countries with mild climates, like Colombia and Ecuador. But only a small minority of flower farms have adopted environmentally friendly methods, like banning toxic chemicals for pest control, said Nora Ferm of the International Labor Rights Forum, an advocacy organization where she is the program director of a "fairness in flowers" public education campaign that began a few years ago.
As for that chocolate?
Cocoa bean harvest puts kids at risk despite chocolate makers' efforts
Even as the chocolate industry is trying to curb unsavoury cocoa-farming practices in Ivory Coast and Ghana, Canadian aid workers, among others, are disappointed in the industry's snail's pace at dealing with the issue.
Cadbury Schweppes announced late last month it would spend millions over the next few years to boost cocoa yields and improve the lives of cocoa farmers, a move intended to guarantee a long-term supply of the most important ingredient used in its signature candies.
"It's not only the right thing to do but ... also we really rely on the quality and taste profile of Ghanaian cocoa and that is something that is really important to our brand," Alex Cole, corporate affairs director at Cadbury, said from her office in London.
David Morley, the president and CEO of Save the Children Canada in Toronto was cautiously optimistic about Cadbury's announcement.
"Some of what the companies are doing is good - making the crops more sustainable and all - but we feel there should be more power put in the hands of the farmers," said Morley. "The wonderful free hand of the market is not working here."
Days since Mission Accomplished: 1750
Number of coalition soldiers killed since then: 4094
Number of Iraqis killed: Unknown - estimates range from 200,000 to 1.2 million
Here is the Overnight News Digest.