The first necessary step would be for Senator Clinton to become and Israeli citizen. There was some talk of her being Jewish at one point prior to her 2000 election, but, the I believe nothing relevant to Israeli citizenship resulted from the event. No, I think she would have to apply for dual-citizenship. The procedure for doing so is outlined briefly on a web-page that I found rather quickly.
The web-page discusses dual-citizenship with Israel and concludes:
I've heard that the US has a special agreement with Israel permitting people to be dual US/Israeli citizens. Is this true?
No. It just happens that Israeli citizenship law does not require renunciation of one's old citizenship in order to become a citizen of Israel.
In this regard, Israel is really treated no differently than Canada, the UK, France, or other countries which permit people to become citizens without giving up their old status.
As best I have been able to determine, the US does not have any sort of treaty facilitating dual citizenship with any other country. Dual citizenship arises, not out of explicit bilateral agreements between nations, but because each country makes its own laws respecting who is or is not its citizen, often without regard for whether a given person is considered a citizen by more than one country at once.
It is interesting to note that Israel's "Law of Return" (under which any Jew may immigrate to and become a citizen of Israel) confers Israeli citizenship automatically, without the immigrant having to apply for it, attend any ceremony, or swear any oath of allegiance. The Israeli law may originally have been written this way to encourage American Jews to move to Israel; they could, in theory, argue that they had not explicitly requested Israeli citizenship and were thus still entitled to keep their US citizenship. (Note that Mr. Afroyim, subject of Afroyim v. Rusk, was alleged to have lost his US citizenship, not because he had become an Israeli citizen, but because he had voted in an Israeli election.)
During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the US ratified a series of citizenship treaties (the "Bancroft treaties", named after American diplomat George Bancroft). The intent of these treaties was to prevent dual citizenship by providing for automatic loss of citizenship by foreigners who obtained US citizenship, or by Americans who obtained foreign citizenship. As a result of the various Supreme Court decisions on dual citizenship, however, the Bancroft treaties became legally unenforceable, and all of them have by now been formally abrogated by the US. One of these treaties (the one with Sweden) is mentioned in the Supreme Court's decision in Perkins v. Elg.
Now, she may want to do some research and get a local attorney to advise her whether, pursuant to the ruling in Afroyim v. Rusk, she would lose her American citizenship if she won the election, or, even if she ran in an election. The case is distinguishable in that the defendant 'voted' in the election; arguably, if Clinton did not vote for herself, the case may not apply. She would also need to check if indeed she lost the election whether she would retain her American citizenship.
The next thing she would need to do is meet the requirements to serve in the Knesset. These can be found on its website. The relevant requirements for her are in Section 6(a):
6(a) Every Israel national who on the day of the submission of a candidates list containing his name is twenty-one years of age or over shall have the right to be elected to the Knesset, unless a court has deprived him of that right by virtue of the law or he has been sentenced, by a final verdict, to actual imprisonment for a term of over three months and on the day of submission of the list of candidates seven years have not passed since the day he concluded serving his term of imprisonment, unless the chairman of the Central Elections Committee has determined that the crime of which he has been convicted, in accordance with the circumstances, does not bear moral turpitude.
After meeting the requirements listed above, she would have to be selected by a Party in Israel to serve. The obvious choice would be the Likud Party so that she can serve with Benjamin Netanyahu and his companions. Perhaps she got along so swimmingly with Avigdor Lieberman this past December when they each attended the same event at the Saban Center. In that case, perhaps he could get her to join his Yisrael Beytenu Party.
I wish Senator Clinton great success in her upcoming election in Israel. It seems she would be quite happy building walls and threatening Arabs and Iran. Personally, I think it is important part of life to be exactly where one belongs to achieve real happiness. And, this way, Senator/MK Clinton can keep a foot in each place and decide where best to spend her time.
NOTE: some junior rocket-scientist with too much time on his or her hands keep changing my tags:
Hillary Clinton, Knesset
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