The Right is fundamentally immoral, but you already knew that, didn't you?
I was talking to a guy today who said, "if you're so in love with taxes, why do you bother with an accountant? Shouldn't you be happy to hand over as much money as the government will take?"
Um, no. I am satisfied to fulfill my civic (and legal) duty to pay my taxes, but I'm not terribly interested in paying more than I owe. I have a responsibility to vote for public officials who support what I think is the best public policy, and I have a responsibility to obey the laws of the land, whether or not I voted for the current office-holders.
For many on the right, democracy is a challenging concept. That's OK---democracy is hard work. It asks us to pay attention to our government and to participate. It demands that we accept the results of free and fair elections whether or not we like the results.
I paid my taxes every year that Bush was President, although I didn't vote for him or the Republicans in Congress. My guy lost---them's the breaks. That doesn't relieve me of my responsibility as a citizen.
"If you think the government is so good at spending your money, why don't you just give them more---like a charity? And I can choose to give to a different charity, one that I trust."
Taxes are not like charity. Not at all. Taxes support common needs, needs which we, through our elected representatives, choose to support.
"But they are all corrupt, and will just keep getting elected."
I can't help you. If you have so little respect for our democracy, if it puts you out so much to pay taxes and you think our system offers you no recourse, maybe you don't get it.
I certainly won't be able to convince you of the moral imperative of universal health care. In the real world, we are not isolated individuals. The health of each of us can affect all of us. During a pandemic, an effective public health infrastructure (funded by taxes, not charity) can prevent billions in lost income through absenteeism and can save tens of thousands (if not more) lives. But that's the practical side.
The moral side is more compelling, at least to someone with morals. Much of my time as a physician is spent trying to obtain care for people who are not well-insured. This is time that both the patient and I could have spent trying to actually prevent or treat disease. It's a terrible waste, and compounds suffering. Arguments about personal responsibility are helpful only insomuch as they offer solutions---solutions that don't say, "you got yourself sick, you get yourself out of it."
Health is more complex than a set of personal choices. Human beings are complicated, and so is human medicine. For the sake of our nation, our public health, and our morals, we must create a just system of universal health care.