I have divined the real Republican tax plan from their complaints about the current tax system, their proposals (especially Paul Ryan's and his comments), even though vague in part or whole, and their dystopic vision as to how things ought to work.
Keep in mind that their idea of how things ought to run and happen is not reality-based. So it is irrelevant to them that reality has a liberal bias. And if they did get their way and implemented their ideas, and the economy tanked, the fact that life in this country was getting worse in many ways would not be adequate evidence that they were doing something wrong. Rather, it would be clear proof that more of the same is in order.
This is like the argument I had with a wingnut, where I demolished his premise that we can and should cut spending until the budget is "balanced". This can't work because the more we cut, the more revenue drops as the economy shrinks. Yet he still felt that eliminating social programs was the right thing to do. He didn't know why he felt that way and he couldn't come up with a justification. But yes, it was important enough to do that the country as a whole should make sacrifices to make it happen.
This is the game of Fantasy Government. In the Republican dystopia, taxes are not proportional to income. Rather, they are based on how deserving a person is. Perfectly deserving people pay no taxes. Perfectly undeserving people pay high taxes, on the premise that this will encourage them to model the upstanding moral characteristics of deserving people.
The present tax structure is based on progressive taxation. Countries that utilize such a tax structure consider it fiscally responsible to tax people who can afford to pay and pointless to levy taxes on those who have no income.
The Republican tax structure is based on the idea that the following are characteristics that are proof of moral inferiority that can be discouraged by increased taxes.
Deserving people are on the left of these continua. Undeserving people are on the right.
Gender:
Male > gay > female > trans
Skin Color:
White > pass as white > light but can't pass as white > really dark
Religion:
Right wing Christian > other Christian > other miscellaneous religions > Muslim > atheist
Union status:
Non-union > union
Employment sector
Too wealthy to work > private sector > public sector > doesn't work but not wealthy
Income source:
Unearned income from investments > earns salary but most of income is from bonuses and options > earns wages or salary > unemployed with no source of income > receives government and other payments, including unemployment compensation, Social Security, Medicare, Food stamps, pensions, VA
Income level:
.01% > .1% > 1% > 10% > the rest
Marital status:
Married > single > divorced > living in nonmarital relationship
Parental status:
Father head of household > no kids > mother head of household
Politics:
Republican elite > Republican non-elite > Democrats
Education:
MBA > none > Liberal arts
I've probably missed a few categories, but you get my drift. The more categories in which you fall to the left side of the spectrum, the less you pay in taxes. Note especially that the more money you make, the less you pay.
You can see by scanning through these lists that taxation would fall disproportionately on those who have no discretionary income, while allowing the super-rich to keep all their money.
They want to completely flip our tax structure so that the less you earn, the more you pay.