The Daily Kos Elections Morning Digest is compiled by David Nir, Jeff Singer, Stephen Wolf, and Carolyn Fiddler, with additional contributions from David Jarman, Steve Singiser, Daniel Donner, James Lambert, David Beard, and Arjun Jaikumar.
Leading Off
● PA-15 (old): Republican Rep. Charlie Dent previously announced he wouldn't run for re-election back in September, but he now he says he'll resign in May, meaning there will have to be a special election to fill the last few months of his term in the old 15th District. However, it's unclear just when exactly that special will be held. State law mandates it take place at least 60 days after the vacancy arises, which would mean no earlier than July. But Democratic Gov. Tom Wolf could simply wait to hold it concurrently with the regular Nov. 6 election for the full two-year term, which would eliminate the cost of holding a standalone special election. Wolf said he'll make a scheduling decision once he receives an official resignation notice.
Campaign Action
Making matters more complicated, this special election would have to take place under the old GOP-gerrymandered version of the Lehigh Valley-based 15th District instead of the region's newly redrawn and renumbered 7th District, even though the state Supreme Court struck down the GOP's map and drew its own version in February. That's because the special would fill a district that is already in use, and holding one under the new lines would've given some voters two representatives while others had none. Both parties would hold conventions to pick their old 15th District nominees, which could end up just being whoever wins the new 7th District primaries on May 15.
The old 15th backed Trump by 52-44, but the new 7th voted for Clinton by 49-48. Consequently, Democrats may have good reason for wanting to delay the special election until November, since Republicans could gain an unfair boost in the new 7th District if they got to benefit from several months of incumbency by narrowly winning a special election for the old 15th District, which was unconstitutionally gerrymandered. By contrast, holding the two elections concurrently would leave no incumbent from either party running in the new 7th District, just as was the case before Dent announced his resignation.
1Q Fundraising
Be sure to keep our Senate fundraising roundup handy, since we update that as new numbers come in. We'll have a House money roundup in the coming days.
● AZ-Sen: Kelli Ward (R): $467,000 raised, $424,000 cash-on-hand
● CA-Sen: Kevin de Leon (D): $576,000 raised, $672,000 cash-on-hand
● IN-Sen: Luke Messer (R): $350,000 raised, $1.9 million cash-on-hand
● NV-Sen: Dean Heller (R-inc): $1.1 million raised, $4.4 million cash-on-hand
● OH-Sen: Jim Renacci (R): $4.5 million raised, $4.2 million cash-on-hand
● WV-Sen: Joe Manchin (D-inc): $949,000 raised, $5.4 million cash-on-hand
● AZ-Gov: David Garcia (D): $288,000 raised
Senate
● AZ-Sen: GOP pollster Magellan Strategies has released a new poll of the Aug. 28 Republican primary for Senate, which they said is for no particular client. The survey gives Rep. Martha McSally a 36-26 edge over former Maricopa County Sheriff Joe Arpaio, while former state Sen. Kelli Ward earns 25 percent. Magellan has not previously published a poll of this race, but this survey is in line with two January polls from Republican firms Data Orbital and OH Predictive Insights, which also had McSally modestly leading Arpaio with Ward in a close third place.
● FL-Sen: Republican Gov. Rick Scott is already out with his first TV ad now that he's officially a Senate candidate. The commercial features Scott speaking in front of a whiteboard with a map of the U.S., which Scott draws on to claim that every zip code in America supposedly backs term limits for Congress, with the only exception being politicians in Washington, D.C. The governor says he'll support term limits if elected.
Scott is laying down a considerable $2 million to air the spot, and he can likely continue to spend heavily if he chooses to self-fund via his estimated $149 million fortune. While this is his first ad as a candidate, Scott has previously been running "issue advocacy" ads that praised his job performance as governor under the guise of urging voters to contact their legislators to keep state taxes down, something that federal campaign finance regulations allowed him to do so long as he wasn't urging voters to vote for or against a candidate.
● IN-Sen: Democratic Sen. Joe Donnelly is out with his first re-election ad, which features him driving his campaign bus across the Hoosier state. Donnelly touts his bipartisan credentials and promises to fight against increased debt, to support veterans, and to cut regulations.
On the Republican side, businessman Mike Braun continues to hammer Reps. Luke Messer and Todd Rokita on the airwaves ahead of the May 8 primary. His latest ad calls them "the swamp brothers" and blasts them for supporting trade deals, increasing the national debt, and supposedly opposing the defunding of "abortion provider Planned Parenthood."
Meanwhile, Rokita now says he'll attend the April 30 debate sponsored by the Indiana Debate Commission after previously signaling he wouldn't. Rokita made waves last month when he announced his boycott of the debate, which would have made him the first major candidate for Senate or governor not to attend in the IDC's 10-year existence. However, Rokita continued to attack moderator Abdul Hakim-Shabazz as a biased "never-Trumper," and this strategy of going after the media could end up backfiring if it reinforces the message of previous media reports that have made Rokita seem like a bit of a jerk.
● WV-Sen: State Attorney General Patrick Morrisey's latest ad ahead of the May 8 GOP primary tries to cram "libruhl Democrat Obama-supporter" in as many times as he can to attack Rep. Evan Jenkins, who was a Democratic state legislator for two decades until he switched parties to run for the House in 2014. The spot features actors in a diner who repeatedly use "liberal" as an epithet to decry how Jenkins previously supported gun-safety measures and restrictions on fossil fuel emissions, while the narrator touts Morrisey's conservative bona fides.
Gubernatorial
● AL-Gov: Gov. Kay Ivey's latest ad ahead of the June 5 primary shows her bragging about protecting Alabama's "historical monuments" from "special interests" who want to tear them down, but she of course doesn't mention these are Confederate statues that were put up during Jim Crow.
● CO-Gov: Rep. Jared Polis has debuted his first TV ad ahead of the June 26 Democratic primary for governor. The spot introduces Polis as an entrepreneur who started multiple successful business in his 20s during the 1990s dot-com boom. It then praises him for using his wealth to help others start their own businesses and to establish a school for immigrants, while the narrator lauds the congressman for working with Obama and standing up to Trump to save health care for millions of Americans.
● GA-Gov: Planned Parenthood has endorsed former state House Minority Leader Stacey Abrams in the May 22 Democratic primary against former state Rep. Stacey Evans. This endorsement comes after NARAL, another leading group for reproductive health rights, backed Abrams last summer.
● MN-Gov: First-quarter fundraising reports are now available for all candidates competing in each party's nomination contest in Minnesota's open gubernatorial election. Starting on the Republican side, former Gov. Tim Pawlenty raised a sizable $1 million in just the last few weeks in late March, and he looks like the clear front-runner. Hennepin County Commissioner Jeff Johnson, who was Team Red's 2014 nominee, raised just $110,000 and had $210,000 in cash-on-hand, while Woodbury Mayor Mary Giuliani Stephens and former state party chair Keith Downey took in even less.
On the Democratic side, Rep. Tim Walz dominated the field, raising roughly $500,000 and having $628,000 on-hand at the beginning of April. Coming in behind Walz was state Auditor Rebecca Otto, who took in $150,000, loaned herself $20,000, and finished with roughly $150,000 on-hand. In last place was state Rep. Erin Murphy, who raised $121,000 and had $73,000 in the bank at the end of March. Meanwhile, Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey endorsed Walz, who is the only one of the three candidates who has not committed to drop out and avoid the August primary if he doesn't win the pivotal June party convention endorsement.
● MO-Gov, MO-Sen: Republican Gov. Eric Greitens, who is already under felony indictment for allegedly blackmailing a former lover with a compromising photo, just saw his legal woes mount further. On Tuesday, state Attorney General Josh Hawley announced that his office had "uncovered evidence of wrongdoing" and "potentially criminal acts" on Greitens' part, in regard to allegations that his 2016 gubernatorial campaign had improperly obtained and used a donor list from The Mission Continues, a charity Greitens founded and ran until he ran for office.
Hawley, the GOP's likely Senate nominee, says that his office has no jurisdiction to prosecute the matter and has referred it to St. Louis Circuit Attorney Kim Gardner, but there may be other considerations at play. Democrats have sought to tie Hawley to Greitens ever since the latter's predatory behavior first came to light, and Hawley's been searching for ways to sever that link. Last week, after the state legislature released a scathing report regarding the blackmail charge, Hawley finally called on Greitens to resign, and his latest announcement regarding possible misconduct in connection with the donor list could help him put more distance between himself and his tainted governor.
● NY-Gov: Siena recently polled the primary and hypothetical general election matchups in New York's gubernatorial race, and their survey found Gov. Andrew Cuomo leading actress and progressive activist Cynthia Nixon by 58-27 in the Democratic primary. That's a sizable drop from the 66-19 advantage he held in Siena's last poll from March, which was taken before Nixon announced her candidacy, but it's still a daunting lead.
Nevertheless, Nixon might have room to grow once her name recognition improves, since only half of registered Democrats expressed an opinion about her while Cuomo is more broadly known. However, pollster Steven Greenberg said Cuomo's favorable rating was "30 points" higher than his unfavorable rating among Democrats, which could make him a tough target.
While Cuomo could have trouble in the primary, Siena finds him in the driver's seat in a potential general election against Republicans in this normally deep-blue state. Cuomo trounces Dutchess County Executive Marc Molinaro by 57-31, while he bests state Sen. John DeFrancisco by a similar 56-32 spread.
Siena also tested the GOP primary, but they found the vast majority of voters were undecided between Molinaro and DeFrancisco, who were both little-known and tied at 18-18 apiece. However, DeFrancisco might end up not even making it to the primary after the Conservative Party recently gave Molinaro its ballot line. DeFrancisco says he is re-evaluating whether to continue with his campaign, but he wouldn't commit to staying in the race through the GOP convention next month.
● OH-Gov: State Attorney Mike DeWine has launched a $1 million buy for TV and radio ads attacking Lt. Gov. Mary Taylor ahead of the May 8 GOP primary. The TV spot calls Taylor a "phony conservative" who wouldn't back Trump over Clinton in 2016 and supported Medicaid expansion under Obamacare, while it accuses her of having "used tax dollars to help to help [her] family construction business."
House
● AZ-08: With a week to go before the April 24 special, Democrat Hiral Tipirneni has released a poll from Lake Research Partners showing her tied 46-46 with Republican Debbie Lesko. Last month, the Tipirneni campaign unveiled a Lake poll that showed Lesko up 48-34. A recent survey from the GOP firm OH Predictive Insights for the local ABC affiliate had Lesko leading 53-43; that would be still be a huge drop from Trump's 58-37 win here, but it wasn't exactly showing Lesko in the disaster zone.
Outside GOP groups aren't swarming to save this seat the way they rushed into Pennsylvania's 18th, but they're still not ignoring it. The NRCC's independent expenditure unit recently added $143,000 for TV and radio ads for the final week of the race. Early voting has been underway for a while.
● CA-10: Venture capitalist Josh Harder, who is one of several Democrats competing in the June top-two primary, is out with his first spot. Harder describes how his brother was born 10 weeks premature and his family would have gone bankrupt without health insurance. Harder declares that everyone in the district should have the same access to health care that his brother needed.
● CA-39: The Orange County Labor Federation has thrown its support behind Navy veteran Gil Cisneros in the June top-two primary.
● CA-45: The California Labor Federation has endorsed Democrat Dave Min, a UC Irvine professor, in the June top-two primary.
● CA-48: Stem cell researcher Hans Keirstead, who is one of several Democrats taking on GOP Rep. Dana Rohrabacher, is up with his first TV ad ahead of the June top-two primary: His campaign says the spot has $152,000 behind it for its first week. Keirstead tells the audience his "radical idea" is to "[u]se science and facts to fix out broken healthcare system." Keirstead pledges to fight for Medicare for all, and declares that Trump's agenda "is dangerous and wrong."
● CA-49: EMILY's List has added an additional $125,000 to their TV buy in support of former Hillary Clinton presidential campaign policy adviser Sara Jacobs. So far, they've spent a grand total of $556,000 on this race, which also includes money spent on digital ads and mailers.
● CO-05: GOP Rep. Doug Lamborn will face two notable opponents in the June 28 primary … assuming he makes it to the ballot. On Monday, the Colorado Supreme Court agreed to review a lawsuit alleging that Lamborn's campaign hired people to get signatures who didn't qualify as state residents as the law requires them to be.
Last week, a lower court judge threw out 58 petitions collected by one circulator, but still left the congressman with 1,211 valid petitions, which is 200 more than the minimum he needed. The state Supreme Court has now asked for attorneys to file briefs by Thursday addressing how the state should determine whether circulators are actually legal residents.
The company Lamborn hired to collect his signatures was Kennedy Enterprises, which was the same group that state Treasurer Walker Stapleton used to try to get on the primary ballot for governor. But last week, Stapleton announced he was withdrawing his petitions and he alleged that the company had engaged in fraud. Stapleton got on the ballot anyway by taking enough support from delegates at Saturday's state party assembly, but since Lamborn decided not to compete at his own 5th District convention last month, he doesn't have that backup option.
Even if Lamborn does get to advance to the primary, he's in for a fight in this red Colorado Springs-based seat. State Sen. Owen Hill won the party endorsement at the convention with minimal opposition, so his name will be first on the ballot. The other major candidate is El Paso County Commissioner Darryl Glenn, who was the GOP's 2016 Senate nominee.
There's a real chance that Hill and Glenn will just split whatever anti-Lamborn vote there is, however, which could allow Lamborn to win with just a plurality. The congressman also had $585,000 on-hand at the end of March, more than Hill's $218,000 war chest and Glenn's $160,000 account put together.
● FL-15: State Rep. Ross Spano and former state Rep. Neil Combee have each announced that they're running in the late August Republican primary to succeed retiring GOP Rep. Dennis Ross. Spano, who represents a seat in Hillsborough County in the Tampa suburbs, was one of four Republicans running for attorney general until he switched to this race. Spano may be best known for sponsoring a successful resolution this year declaring pornography a "public health risk" and expressing "the need for education, prevention, research and policy change to protect citizens of this state."
Combee resigned in November from a seat based in Polk County to serve as state executive director for the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Farm Service in Florida and the U.S. Virgin Islands, a post he's now left to run for Congress. Before that, Combee made news last year when he wrote a Facebook post the day a white supremacist in Charlottesville murdered protestor Heather Heyer. Combee wrote that he didn't know much about what had just happened, but proceeded to compare it to how construction worker Reginald Denny was nearly beaten to death during the 1992 Los Angeles riots (which he described in great detail).
Combee insisted afterwards that he condemned white supremacy, but he had brought up Denny to argue that innocent bystanders were put in danger when the people protesting the Unite the Right rally showed up. Combee declared that, "They came there to fight, too," and added, "Everybody that was there was looking for a fight – well, not everyone, but most of those there, especially those who brought their weapons were looking for a fight." Swell guy, isn't he?
● GA-06: Businessman Kevin Abel is up with his first ad ahead of the May 22 Democratic primary to take on GOP Rep. Karen Handel. Abel speaks to the camera and begins, "President Trump: My name is Kevin Abel. I'm an immigrant and running in Georgia's 6th Congressional District, in part because of a reaction to you holding DACA kids hostage." Abel goes on to say that his parents brought him to America when he was 14, and he built a successful business and raised a family through hard work. Abel then tells Trump "America was a better, more decent and kind place, before you."
Abel is one of three notable candidates competing to take on Handel. Both Abel and former local TV news anchor Bobby Kaple entered the race last year, and at the end of March, Kaple held a $415,000 to $328,000 cash-on-hand edge. Kaple has self-funded about $200,000 during the campaign, while Abel put down $150,000 of his own money.
A third Democrat, prominent gun safety activist Lucy McBath, entered the race in early March in a surprise, and she had a small $37,000 war chest after a few weeks of campaigning. However, McBath may stand out as the only woman and only African-American primary candidate. If no one takes a majority, there will be a runoff in July. For her part, Handel had just shy of $800,000 on-hand.
● IN-02: Healthcare executive Mel Hall is up with his second TV spot ahead of the May 8 Democratic primary to face GOP Rep. Jackie Walorski. Hall tells an audience, "When the president and the Congress repealed healthcare, they celebrated," adding that "26,000 people in this district were kicked off of healthcare. That's not something you celebrate." Hall then calls for protecting people with pre-existing conditions and lowering drug prices.
Several other Democrats filed to run here, and only one other candidate had more than $30,000 in the bank at the end of March. But businessman Yatish Joshi, who has almost entirely self-funded his campaign, only had $89,000 on-hand, considerably less than the $445,000 that Hall had available. (Hall has self-funded a little less than half of his campaign so far.) Walorski ended the month with $1.06 million on-hand in this 59-36 Trump seat.
● IN-09: EMILY's List has endorsed Indiana University professor Liz Watson, who is one of two noteworthy Democrats competing in the May 8 primary to face freshman GOP Rep. Trey Hollingsworth. Watson held a considerable $372,000 to $83,000 cash-on-hand edge over civil rights attorney Dan Canon at the end of March; a few weeks ago, she also released a poll giving her a 40-27 primary lead, and we never saw contradictory numbers.
Hollingsworth himself had a $410,000 war chest, which is not impressive for an incumbent. Trump won this southern Indiana seat 61-34, but Hollingsworth may be flawed and complacent enough to put this district into play in a good Democratic year.
● MI-09: The Democratic firm Greenberg Quinlan Rosner Research takes a look at the August Democratic primary; they say the March poll wasn't conducted for a candidate, but was done for an "interested party." They find attorney Andy Levin, who is the son of retiring Rep. Sandy Levin, in front with 42 percent of the vote, while state Sen. Steve Bieda is a distant second with 17. Former state Rep. Ellen Lipton, who was recently endorsed by EMILY's List, takes third with 8. The poll was graciously provided to us by Kyle Melinn of MIRS News.
The poll gives Levin a 37-7 favorable rating, while considerably fewer primary voters know the other two Democrats: Bieda posts a 17-5 score, while Lipton is at 8-6. However, Lipton may have the resources to get her name out. She raised about $490,000 during her first quarter in the race (her other two rivals jumped in back in December), and she had a small $407,000 to $404,000 cash-on-hand lead over Levin at the end of March. Bieda has had less success raising money, and he had a considerably smaller $104,000 war chest.
This suburban Detroit seat shifted from 57-42 Obama to 51-44 Clinton, but it doesn't look like this will turn into a serious GOP pickup opportunity. Businesswoman Candius Stearns raised only $20,000 during the most recent quarter, and she had just $93,000 in the bank.
● NC-02: Tech executive Ken Romley is taking to the airwaves ahead of the May 8 Democratic primary to face GOP Rep. George Holding. Romley's spot begins with pictures of the Wright Brothers and their first flight at Kill Devil Hills (which is located in the 3rd District along the coast), as the candidate says North Carolina solves its problems through ideas, innovation, and vision. Romley says that's also how he created hundreds of jobs, before declaring that the problem today is Donald Trump, and that "career politicians won't solve that problem." Romley declares that the state needs leaders with new ideas and an invocative strategy.
Romley's main opponent in the primary next month is former state Rep. Linda Coleman, who lost competitive general elections for lieutenant governor in 2012 and 2016. Romley, who has self-funded much of his campaign, held a $296,000 to $84,000 cash-on-hand lead at the end of March. However, Coleman likely began the race with considerably more name-recognition than Romley. In addition, in primaries so far in Texas and Illinois, we've generally seen women candidates performing well this cycle. In the era of Trump and #MeToo, there's a good chance this pattern will continue, which would be to Coleman's benefit.
This suburban Raleigh seat went for Trump 53-44, but Democrats are hoping to put it into play. Holding himself had $351,000 in the bank, a pretty unimpressive sum for an incumbent at this point in the cycle. And Holding doesn't exactly seem to be stocking up his war chest for a real fight: While he raised $325,000 during the fundraising quarter, he spent $360,000 during this time even though he only faces a little-known primary opponent who literally has a negative amount of money in his campaign account.
● NC-09: While recent polls show GOP Rep. Robert Pittenger well ahead of minister Mark Harris in the May 8 primary, the incumbent certainly isn't acting like this contest is over. Pittenger is out with another commercial arguing that Harris, who lost a three-way primary against Pittenger by just 132 votes two years ago, is an anti-Trump liberal.
The narrator declares that "[l]ike Obama," Harris "supported amnesty for illegals, opposed new military funding, [and] worked to stop Donald Trump." The audience then hears a recording of Harris saying, "The way to stop Donald Trump …" The narrator jumps back in and declares, "Asked about Trump as president," and Harris is then heard uttering, "can't tell you I feel great about that." It concludes with the two Republicans debating as Pittenger tells him, "You can't have it both ways," and Harris objecting, "Yes you can."
Pittenger initially had trouble raising money, but he has considerably more cash available than Harris for the final weeks of the campaign. At the end of March, Pittenger led Harris $253,000 to $90,000 in cash-on-hand. But solar energy businessman Dan McCready, who faces little opposition in the Democratic primary, has been one of Team Blue's stronger House fundraisers in the nation, and he ended the month with a huge $1.32 million war chest.
● TX-27: Former Victoria County GOP Chair Michael Cloud picked up an endorsement this week from the Club for Growth, a group that often finds itself on the opposite side of the GOP establishment in primaries. Cloud faces former Texas Water Development Board Chairman Bech Bruun, who is backed by much of the state party establishment, in the May 22 runoff to succeed disgraced former Rep. Blake Farenthold.
Bruun led Cloud by a surprisingly small 36-34 margin in the first round in March despite decisively outspending him, and all four defeated candidates quickly endorsed Cloud. Bruun had a large $139,000 to $63,000 cash-on-hand edge at the end of March, but the Club has a history of spending money in primaries.
● VA-05: On Tuesday, financial adviser Ben Cullop dropped out of the race to take on GOP Rep. Tom Garrett. Two notable Democrats, Marine veteran Roger Dean Huffstetler and journalist Leslie Cockburn, are still competing in the May 5 party convention, where the nomination will be decided.
While this seat, which stretches from central Virginia to the North Carolina border, went from 53-46 Romney to 53-42 Trump, national Republicans have told various publications that they're worried that Garrett isn't taking his campaign seriously. However, they don't seem to be getting through to the congressman, who had just $142,000 in the bank at the end of March. By contrast, Huffstetler had $436,000 to spend, while Cockburn had a little more than $301,000 in the bank.
● WA-08: This week, businessman Brayden Olson, a Democrat, dropped out of the August top-two primary for this open swing seat. Olson says he stopped fundraising in January and had a tough time winning major endorsements.
● House: The Congressional Leadership Fund, one of the major outside groups on the GOP side, has announced that they've reserved $38 million in TV time in 20 different congressional districts. With the exception of Minnesota's 8th District, all of them are held by the GOP. The amount for each seat, as well as the incumbent who is defending the district and the 2012 and 2016 presidential results, is below:
CA-10: Jeff Denham (R): $2.35 million (49-46 Clinton, 51-47 Obama)
CA-25: Steve Knight (R): $2.1 million (50-44 Clinton, 50-48 Romney)
CA-45: Mimi Walters (R): $2.3 million (50-44 Clinton, 55-43 Romney)
CO-06: Mike Coffman (R): $2.3 million (50-41 Clinton, 52-47 Obama)
FL-26: Carlos Curbelo (R): $1.67 million (57-41 Clinton, 55-44 Obama)
IL-12: Mike Bost (R): $2 million (55-40 Trump, 50-48 Obama)
KS-02: OPEN (R-held): $1.25 million (56-37 Trump, 56-42 Romney)
KS-03: Kevin Yoder (R): $1.7 million (47-46 Clinton, 54-44 Romney)
KY-06: Andy Barr (R): $1.8 million (55-39 Trump, 56-42 Romney)
ME-02: Bruce Poliquin (R): $1.2 million (51-51 Trump, 53-44 Obama)
MI-08: Mike Bishop (R): $2.2 million (51-44 Trump, 51-48 Romney)
MN-03: Erik Paulsen (R): $2.3 million (51-41 Clinton, 50-49 Obama)
MN-08: OPEN (D-held): $2.6 million (54-39 Trump, 52-46 Obama)
NE-02: Don Bacon (R): $1.6 million (48-46 Trump, 53-46 Romney)
NJ-03: Tom MacArthur (R): $1.4 million (51-45 Trump, 52-47 Obama)
NY-22: Claudia Tenney (R): $900,000 (55-39 Trump, 49.2-48.8 Romney)
PA-01: Brian Fitzpatrick (R): $1.4 million (49-47 Clinton, 50-49 Obama)
TX-07: John Culberson (R): $2.45 million (48-47 Clinton, 60-39 Romney)
TX-23: Will Hurd (R): $2.1 million (50-46 Clinton, 51-48 Romney)
WA-08: OPEN (R-held): $2.1 million (48-45 Clinton, 50-48 Obama)
CLF's Democratic counterparts at House Majority PAC also recently announced that they had reserved $43 million in TV time, though they said what media markets they were investing in rather than which seats. As we noted then, while early ad reservations help lock in cheaper rates, they can be adjusted or cancelled, so this list could change (and it will definitely grow).
